Njengoba inani labantu emhlabeni liqhubeka nokukhula, ezolimo zibaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili ekondleni umhlaba. Kodwa-ke, izindlela zokulima zendabuko azizange zibonakale zanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabantu abakhulayo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ezolimo ezinembile kanye nokulima okuhlakaniphile kuthole ukunakwa okukhulu njengemikhuba yezolimo emisha engaxazulula le nkinga. Ake singene shí emehluko phakathi kokulima okunembile kanye nokulima okuhlakaniphile.
Ukulima okunembile uhlelo lwezolimo olugxile ekusebenziseni ubuchwepheshe ukuze kuthuthukiswe isivuno sezitshalo futhi kuncishiswe imfucuza. Lolu hlelo lwezolimo lusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bolwazi, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha kanye namathuluzi esofthiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba nokusebenza kahle. Ukulima okunembile kuhilela ukuhlola ukuguquguquka kwenhlabathi, ukukhula kwezitshalo kanye neminye imingcele epulazini, bese kwenziwa izinguquko ezidingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle. Izibonelo zobuchwepheshe ezisetshenziswa kwezolimo okunembile zifaka phakathi izinhlelo ze-GPS, ama-drone, kanye nezinzwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulima okuhlakaniphile kuyisistimu yezolimo ephelele nehlanganisa konke ehilela ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obuningi obuhlukene. Lolu hlelo lokulima luthembele kubuhlakani bokwenziwa, amadivayisi e-IoT, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha enkulu ukuze kusetshenziswe kahle izinsiza. Ukulima okuhlakaniphile kuhlose ukukhulisa isivuno ngenkathi kunciphisa imfucuza kanye nomthelela omubi emvelweni. Kuthinta konke kusukela ezindleleni zokulima ezinembile kuya ezinhlelweni zokunisela ezihlakaniphile, ukulandelela imfuyo ngisho nokulandelela isimo sezulu.
Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko obusetshenziswa ekulimeni okunembile nokuhlakaniphile yithebhulethi. Ithebhulethi isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa idatha, ukuphathwa kwamadivayisi, neminye imisebenzi. Inikeza abalimi ukufinyelela okusheshayo kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela ngezitshalo, imishini kanye namaphethini esimo sezulu. Isibonelo, umsebenzisi angafaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifanele kuthebhulethi yethu bese ekwazi ukubuka nokuphatha idatha yemishini, ukuqapha idatha yasensimini, nokwenza izinguquko lapho ehamba. Ngokusebenzisa amathebhulethi, abalimi bangenza imisebenzi yabo ibe lula futhi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nezitshalo zabo.
Esinye isici esibalulekile esenza umehluko phakathi kwezolimo ezinembile kanye nezolimo ezihlakaniphile yithimba locwaningo nentuthuko elisekela lokhu. Izinhlelo zezolimo ezinembile zivame ukubandakanya izinkampani ezincane namaqembu agxile ezindaweni ezithile, njengezinzwa zomhlabathi noma ama-drones. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukulima okuhlakaniphile kuhilela amaqembu amakhulu e-R&D asebenza kubuchwepheshe obubanzi obuhlose ukuhlanganisa ukufunda komshini, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha enkulu kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Ukulima okuhlakaniphile kuhlose ukusebenzisa bonke ubuchwepheshe obutholakalayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe imikhuba yokulima nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle.
Okokugcina, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokulima ngokunemba kanye nokulima okuhlakaniphile ukutholakala kwamakhithi okuthuthukisa isofthiwe (ama-SDK). Ukulima ngokunemba kuvame ukuthembela ezinhlelweni ezithile nezinhlelo ezenzelwe imisebenzi ethile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-SDK asetshenziswa ekulimeni ngokuhlakanipha avumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bakhe futhi bashintshe izinhlelo zesofthiwe ezingasebenza ndawonye, okwenza kube lula ukuhlaziywa kwedatha okubanzi nokuguquguqukayo. Le ndlela iwusizo kakhulu kwezolimo ezihlakaniphile, lapho imithombo yedatha ehlukene idinga ukuhlanganiswa ukuze inikeze isithombe esiphelele sendawo yezolimo.
Njengoba sesibonile, nakuba ukulima ngokunembile kanye nokulima okuhlakaniphile kuhlanganyela izinto ezifanayo, njengokusetshenziswa kwamathebhulethi kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha, kuyahluka endleleni yabo yokulima. Ukulima ngokunembile kugxila kuzo zonke izici zepulazi, kuyilapho ukulima ngokunembile kuthatha indlela ephelele yokulima, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obubanzi. Ukuthi ukulima ngokunembile noma okuhlakaniphile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu kumlimi othile kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ubukhulu bepulazi, indawo yalo kanye nezidingo zalo. Ekugcineni, zombili izindlela zokulima zinikeza izindlela eziwusizo zokuthuthukisa imikhuba yokulima ukuze kube nekusasa elizinzile nelikhiqizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-12-2023
